Conflating marginal and conditional treatment effects - Comments on “Assessing the performance of population adjustment methods for anchored indirect comparisons - A simulation study”

In this commentary, we highlight the importance of (1) carefully considering and clarifying whether a marginal or conditional treatment effect is of interest in a population-adjusted indirect treatment comparison; and (2) developing distinct methodologies for estimating the different measures of effect. The appropriateness of each methodology depends on the preferred target of inference.

Statistics in Medicine, 40(11)